The objective of this work is to review the literature of the main concepts that lead to determining the strategic approach, creation of strategies, organizational structures, strategy formulation, and strategic evaluation as a guide for the organizational management, taking into account the effects produced by the different types of strategies on the performance of organizations. In this article, the systemic literature review method was used to synthesize the result of multiple investigations and scientific literature. The process of reading and analysis of the literature was carried out through digital search engines with keywords in areas related to the strategic management. This research reveals the lack of scientific literature containing important theoretical concepts that serve the strategists as a guide in the creation, formulation, and evaluation of strategies. This review contributes to the existing literature by examining the impact of the strategic management on the organizational performance.
For this research, the searching process is limited to published literature, including books, conference proceedings, and literature obtained from electronic sources, mainly databases of scientific data. The searching engines used were Proquest, Scopus, EmeraldInsight, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. The keywords used are industrial organizations, organizational behavior, strategic administration (SA), strategic approaches, and strategic evaluation. The articles reviewed are in the area of organizational structures, SM, management control, and strategic planning. This research covered the review of 5,400 publications from which 69 books, 7 conference articles, and 140 journals made major contributions.
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According to Hansen and Schaltegger [176], in the year 1992, BSC was presented in the Harvard Business Review, and the creators of this concept are Robert Kaplan and David Norton [177]. Initially, BSC focused on indicators of individual and group performance to measure and manage the implementation of the strategic objectives [178]. Different authors have given definitions of BSC; for Srivastava et al. [179], it is a method to measure the activities of a company in terms of its vision and strategy, providing the administrators a global view of the business performance. For Kaplan and Norton [180], BSC is a system of manager management that directs attention points in the organization. Its purpose is to translate the strategy in measures that only communicate their vision to the organization.
Finally, BSC transformations focused on the description of the function of the strategic maps, using chains cause-effect among the strategic objectives and how organizations use their leader staff to align the processes and key systems of management with the strategy [192]. Due to the complexity and speed of the changes in the external environment of the industrial organizations, Korableva and Kalimullina [167] propose to use a hybrid model BSC-SWOT for the optimization of the organizations taking into account the basic approaches and the commercial goals of the business. 2ff7e9595c
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